KINERJA PROSES PRODUKSI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) SKALA PILOT PLANT DI INSTITUT PERTANIAN STIPER YOGYAKARTA

Abstract

Crude Palm Oil obtained from extraction or from the pressing process of palm fruit flesh and has not undergone a refining process, usually used for food and other needs. The process of transforming FFB raw materials into products (CPO) at the Instiper Yogyakarta Pilot Plant through mechanical physical treatment and processes at the FFB receiving station (weighing and grading), sterilization, threshing, digesting & pressing as well as clarification. The results of grading FFB raw materials obtained results are raw FFB as much as 9.5 kg (less oily, and low yield), mature FFB 38 kg (less oily, and high ALB content), 9.5 kg of empty bunch and 16.67 kg long stalks (if used, long stalk will absorb oil in the boiling process, thus affecting the yield) and the rest is ripe fruit. The sterilization process is carried out using steam at a temperature of 118˚C at a pressure of 3 bar for 90 minutes. The CPO yield obtained after the clarification process was 6.8 kg, so that the yield was as much as 13.6%. The yield is considered low because it does not match what should be due to the fact that the FFB used has been in a long time so that the FFA increases, when the boiling temperature is not optimal, and also after the clarification process is not filtered again. Technology updates on the tools used are needed so that the production process can run continuously and stay up-to-date with CPO processing technology in the industry.